Wahy (Revelation) & Prophethood

Revelation: its seven means, and nabi vs. rasul.

Wahy (وحي) — direct communication from Allah to mankind. EP 011 (drawing on Ibn al-Qayyim) sets out how revelation reached the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and the nature of prophethood.

The seven means of revelation (EP 011)

  1. True dreams — the lowest form (still open to anyone).
  2. Ilham — inspiration via angels other than Jibril (given even to the righteous non-prophet, e.g. the mother of Musa).
  3. Jibril in human form — often as the Companion Dihya al-Kalbi.
  4. The ringing-bell state — a heavy trance; the hardest form (sweat on a cold day; a camel forced to sit under the weight of Surah al-Ma’idah).
  5. Jibril in his true angelic form — seen at least twice (before al-Muddaththir; at al-Isra’ wal-Mi’raj).
  6. Direct wahy without an angel — disputed (Ibn al-Qayyim; Yasir Qadhi is unsure).
  7. Allah’s direct speech (Kalam) — once only, at al-Isra’ wal-Mi’raj.

Nabi vs. Rasul (EP 011)

Following Ibn Taymiyyah: a nabi (from n-b-a, news) informs and teaches people who already accept him; a rasul (from r-s-l, to send) is sent to a nation that rejects him. Every rasul is a nabi; not every nabi is a rasul. (Iqra made him a nabi; Surah al-Muddaththir, a rasul.)

Numbers, prophetesses, ulu al-azm

Cross-references

The Beginning of Revelation (Iqra) · Muhammad ﷺ · Da'wah & Its Five Stages · Seerah (and why we study it) · The Hunafa'

Sources