Quraysh

The tribe of Mecca; its structure and ten tactics against the da'wah.

The dominant Arab tribe of Mecca, custodians of the Ka’bah, and — as a collective — the chief opponents of the early da’wah. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was himself of Quraysh, through Banu Hashim of Banu Abd Manaf.

Structure (EP 013)

Mecca had no king. Power lay with Dar al-Nadwa, an assembly of the chiefs of the sub-tribes, each of whom led his own clan (a leader was never deposed while alive). Key clans in the seerah:

The ten tactics against the da’wah (EP 013–014)

Yasir Qadhi lists how Quraysh opposed the message (not strictly chronological):

  1. Pressuring Abu Talib; 2. the Umara-for-Muhammad bargain; 3. banning public Quran recitation; 4. ridicule; 5. false accusations (madman, poet, magician, soothsayer — each answered in the Quran); 6. demanding miracles; 7. bribery/compromise (Utbah ibn Rabi’ah; Surah al-Kafirun); 8. quizzing him via the Jews (Surah Yusuf, Surah al-Kahf); 9. outright torture of the weak; 10. the Boycott.

Note on tribalism

Protection flowed through the tribe: Qurayshi Muslims had some shield, but slaves and mawali had none — hence the enslaved bore the worst torture. Even so, Quraysh included just men like Mut’im ibn Adi.

Cross-references

Mecca · The Ka'bah · Abu Talib · Abu Jahal (Amr ibn Hisham) · Abu Lahab (Abd al-Uzza ibn Abd al-Muttalib) · Mut'im ibn Adi · The Boycott of Banu Hashim · Jahiliyyah (pre-Islamic Arabia)

Sources